The discussion largely revolved around the implications of South-South economic relations for global trade. Max Bergman and Janina Grabs highlighted that there are no clear “good” or “bad” actors when it comes to improving conditions along global value chains—multinationals like Nestlé, arguably known as the “bad guy”, have de facto generated shared value for farmers in China. In Janina Grab’s words, “they do good to the extent that it does them good”.  I want to return to the initial questions of this summary: Why is it important to become more aware of these global structures? How are they marked by injustice? Alexandra Gavilano powerfully urged the students, as privileged consumers removed from the bottom-end of the value chain, to feel personally responsible for just value chains – and conversely suffer with workers that endure inhumane working and living conditions. How can we envision climate justice globally under these conditions? To this question, the panelists gave diverging but arguably relatively clear-cut answers. Alexandra Gavilano sees the need for a global narrative, based on solidarity, that counters systems of oppression like capitalism, imperialism, and (neo-)colonialism. Philip Schallberger believes in producer-consumer structures among the Global North and South that are marked by relations of trust and loyalty. Max Bergman calls on us to radically shift our perspective of climate justice, since a drastic increase of future CO2 emissions will allow for millions of people in the Global South to experience a living standard that is normal to most in the Global North. Janina Grabs wants to advance relational global value chains that guarantee resilience along the whole value chain. ◼︎